Verbes irréguliers anglais : la liste de 243 verbes avec traduction
Infinitif, prétérit, participe passé et traduction française des 243 verbes irréguliers anglais, dans un seul tableau, avec une méthode pour les retenir par familles.
243 fiches · à réviser aussi, une par une, dans l’application gratuite Onetipaday.
Qu'est-ce qu'un verbe irrégulier ?
En anglais, la plupart des verbes forment leur passé en ajoutant -ed : work donne worked. Les verbes irréguliers ne suivent pas cette règle. Leur prétérit et leur participe passé s'apprennent par cœur : go donne went, puis gone.
Ils sont peu nombreux, mais ce sont les verbes les plus courants de la langue : être, avoir, faire, aller, dire, voir. Impossible de raconter sa journée sans eux.
Les trois colonnes, et à quoi elles servent
- L'infinitif : la forme du dictionnaire, celle du présent. I eat.
- Le prétérit : pour une action terminée et datée. I ate at noon.
- Le participe passé : après have ou be. I have eaten. It was eaten.
Les apprendre par familles plutôt que par ordre alphabétique
Réciter la liste de A à Z est la méthode la plus pénible. Les verbes se rangent en réalité en quatre familles, bien plus faciles à retenir :
- Trois formes identiques : cut, cut, cut.
- Prétérit et participe identiques : buy, bought, bought. C'est la famille la plus fournie.
- Infinitif et participe identiques : come, came, come.
- Trois formes différentes : sing, sang, sung.
Dix verbes par jour, relus le lendemain avant d'en ajouter dix autres : en un mois, la liste est faite. Chaque verbe du tableau ouvre sa fiche, que l'application peut aussi vous envoyer en rappel quotidien.
| Infinitif | Prétérit | Participe passé | Traduction |
|---|---|---|---|
| abide | abode/abided | abode/abided | demeurer/supporter (archaïque ou littéraire) |
| alight | alighted/alit | alighted/alit | descendre (d'un véhicule) |
| arise | arose | arisen | s'élever/surgir |
| awake | awoke | awoken | (se) réveiller |
| backslide | backslid | backslid | rechuter (sens religieux ou figuré) |
| be | was/were | been | être |
| bear | bore | born/borne | porter/enfanter |
| beat | beat | beaten | battre |
| become | became | become | devenir |
| befall | befell | befallen | advenir |
| beget | begot/begat | begotten | engendrer |
| begin | began | begun | commencer |
| behold | beheld | beheld | contempler |
| bend | bent | bent | plier |
| bereave | bereft/bereaved | bereft/bereaved | priver |
| beseech | besought/beseeched | besought/beseeched | implorer/supplier |
| beset | beset | beset | assaillir |
| bespeak | bespoke | bespoken | réserver/commander |
| bestride | bestrode | bestridden | enfourcher |
| bet | bet | bet | parier |
| betake | betook | betaken | se mettre à (littéraire) |
| bid (farewell) | bade/bid | bidden | ordonner/souhaiter |
| bind | bound | bound | lier |
| bite | bit | bitten | mordre |
| bleed | bled | bled | saigner |
| bless | blessed/blest | blessed/blest | bénir |
| blow | blew | blown | souffler |
| break | broke | broken | casser |
| breed | bred | bred | élever |
| bring | brought | brought | apporter |
| broadcast | broadcast/broadcasted | broadcast/broadcasted | diffuser |
| browbeat | browbeat | browbeaten | intimider |
| build | built | built | construire |
| burn | burnt/burned | burnt/burned | brûler |
| burst | burst | burst | éclater |
| bust | bust/busted | bust/busted | casser/arrêter |
| buy | bought | bought | acheter |
| cast | cast | cast | jeter/choisir |
| catch | caught | caught | attraper |
| chide | chid/chided | chidden/chided | réprimander |
| choose | chose | chosen | choisir |
| clap | clapped/clapt | clapped/clapt | applaudir |
| cleave (split) | clove/cleft | cloven/cleft | fendre (dans le sens « couper ») |
| cling | clung | clung | s'accrocher |
| clothe | clothed/clad | clothed/clad | (s')habiller |
| come | came | come | venir |
| cost | cost | cost | coûter |
| creep | crept | crept | ramper |
| crossbreed | crossbred | crossbred | croiser (des espèces) |
| crow | crew/crowed | crowed | chanter (coq) |
| cut | cut | cut | couper |
| dare | dared/durst | dared | oser |
| deal | dealt | dealt | distribuer/négocier |
| dig | dug | dug | creuser |
| dive | dove/dived | dived | plonger |
| do | did | done | faire |
| draw | drew | drawn | dessiner/tirer |
| dream | dreamed/dreamt | dreamed/dreamt | réver |
| drink | drank | drunk | boire |
| drive | drove | driven | conduire |
| dwell | dwelt/dwelled | dwelt/dwelled | demeurer |
| eat | ate | eaten | manger |
| fall | fell | fallen | tomber |
| feed | fed | fed | nourrir |
| feel | felt | felt | (se) sentir |
| fight | fought | fought | se battre |
| find | found | found | trouver |
| fit | fit/fitted | fit/fitted | aller à (taille) |
| flee | fled | fled | fuir |
| fling | flung | flung | jeter/lancer |
| fly | flew | flown | voler |
| forbear | forbore | forborne | s'abstenir |
| forbid | forbade | forbidden | interdire |
| forecast | forecast | forecast | prévoir |
| foresee | foresaw | foreseen | prévoir/présentir |
| foretell | foretold | foretold | prédire |
| forget | forgot | forgotten | oublier |
| forgive | forgave | forgiven | pardonner |
| forsake | forsook | forsaken | abandonner |
| freeze | froze | frozen | geler |
| frostbite | frostbit | frostbitten | geler (par le froid) |
| get | got | gotten/got | obtenir |
| gild | gilt/gilded | gilt/gilded | dorer |
| gird | girt/girded | girt/girded | ceindre |
| give | gave | given | donner |
| go | went | gone | aller |
| grind | ground | ground | moudre |
| grow | grew | grown | grandir/cultiver |
| hang | hung/hanged | hung/hanged | pendre/suspendre |
| have | had | had | avoir |
| hear | heard | heard | entendre |
| heave | heaved/hove | heaved/hove | soulever |
| hew | hewed | hewn/hewed | tailler |
| hide | hid | hidden | cacher |
| hit | hit | hit | frapper |
| hold | held | held | tenir |
| hurt | hurt | hurt | blesser |
| keep | kept | kept | garder |
| kneel | knelt/kneeled | knelt/kneeled | s'agenouiller |
| knit | knitted/knit | knitted/knit | tricoter |
| know | knew | known | savoir/connaître |
| lade | laded | laden/laded | charger |
| lay | laid | laid | poser |
| lead | led | led | mener |
| lean | leaned/leant | leaned/leant | se pencher |
| leap | leaped/leapt | leaped/leapt | sauter |
| learn | learned/learnt | learned/learnt | apprendre |
| leave | left | left | laisser/partir |
| lend | lent | lent | prêter |
| let | let | let | laisser |
| lie (not tell truth) | lied | lied | mentir |
| lie (recline) | lay | lain | être couché |
| light | lit/lighted | lit/lighted | allumer |
| lose | lost | lost | perdre |
| make | made | made | faire |
| mean | meant | meant | signifier |
| meet | met | met | rencontrer |
| mishear | misheard | misheard | mal entendre |
| mislay | mislaid | mislaid | égarer |
| mow | mowed | mowed/mown | tondre |
| offset | offset | offset | compenser |
| overcome | overcame | overcome | surmonter |
| overdo | overdid | overdone | en faire trop |
| overdraw | overdrew | overdrawn | mettre à découvert |
| overeat | overate | overeaten | trop manger |
| overfly | overflew | overflown | survoler |
| overhang | overhung | overhung | surplomber |
| overhear | overheard | overheard | entendre par hasard |
| overlay | overlaid | overlaid | recouvrir |
| overpay | overpaid | overpaid | surpayer |
| overrun | overran | overrun | envahir |
| oversee | oversaw | overseen | superviser |
| overshoot | overshot | overshot | dépasser |
| oversleep | overslept | overslept | se réveiller trop tard |
| overtake | overtook | overtaken | dépasser |
| overthrow | overthrew | overthrown | renverser |
| partake | partook | partaken | prendre part |
| pay | paid | paid | payer |
| plead | pled/pleaded | pled/pleaded | plaider |
| prove | proved | proven/proved | prouver |
| put | put | put | mettre |
| quit | quit | quit | quitter |
| read | read | read | lire |
| reave | reft/reaved | reft/reaved | piller/voler (très archaïque) |
| rid | rid | rid | débarrasser |
| ride | rode | ridden | monter (cheval... vélo…) |
| ring | rang | rung | sonner |
| rise | rose | risen | se lever |
| rive | rived | riven | refendre/fendre (archaïque) |
| run | ran | run | courir |
| saw | sawed | sawed/sawn | scier |
| say | said | said | dire |
| see | saw | seen | voir |
| seek | sought | sought | chercher |
| sell | sold | sold | vendre |
| send | sent | sent | envoyer |
| set | set | set | poser/fixer |
| sew | sewed | sewn/sewed | coudre |
| shake | shook | shaken | secouer |
| shave | shaved | shaven/shaved | (se) raser |
| shear | sheared | shorn/sheared | tondre |
| shed | shed | shed | verser/abandonner |
| shine | shone/shined | shone/shined | briller |
| shoot | shot | shot | tirer |
| show | showed | shown/showed | montrer |
| shrink | shrank | shrunk | rétrécir |
| shrive | shrove | shriven | entendre la confession de (religieux/archaïque) |
| shut | shut | shut | fermer |
| sing | sang | sung | chanter |
| sink | sank | sunk | couler |
| sit | sat | sat | s'asseoir |
| slay | slew | slain | tuer |
| sleep | slept | slept | dormir |
| slide | slid | slid | glisser |
| sling | slung | slung | lancer/projeter |
| slink | slunk | slunk | s'éclipser |
| slit | slit | slit | fendre |
| smell | smelled/smelt | smelled/smelt | sentir |
| sneak | sneaked/snuck | sneaked/snuck | se faufiler |
| sow | sowed | sown/sowed | semer |
| speak | spoke | spoken | parler |
| speed | sped/speeded | sped/speeded | aller vite |
| spell | spelled/spelt | spelled/spelt | épeler |
| spend | spent | spent | dépenser |
| spill | spilled/spilt | spilled/spilt | renverser |
| spin | spun/span | spun | filer/tourner |
| spit | spat/spit | spat/spit | cracher |
| split | split | split | diviser/fendre |
| spoil | spoiled/spoilt | spoiled/spoilt | gâcher |
| spread | spread | spread | répandre |
| spring | sprang | sprung | bondir |
| stand | stood | stood | se tenir debout |
| stave (tonneau) | stove/staved | stove/staved | percer/éventrer |
| steal | stole | stolen | voler |
| stick | stuck | stuck | coller |
| sting | stung | stung | piquer |
| stink | stank | stunk | puer |
| strew | strewed | strewn/strewed | éparpiller |
| stride | strode | stridden | marcher à grands pas |
| strike | struck | struck/stricken | frapper |
| string | strung | strung | enfiler |
| strive | strove | striven | s'efforcer |
| sublet | sublet | sublet | sous-louer |
| sunburn | sunburned/sunburnt | sunburned/sunburnt | attraper un coup de soleil |
| swear | swore | sworn | jurer |
| sweat | sweat/sweated | sweat/sweated | transpirer |
| sweep | swept | swept | balayer |
| swell | swelled | swollen/swelled | enfler |
| swim | swam | swum | nager |
| swing | swung | swung | balancer |
| take | took | taken | prendre |
| teach | taught | taught | enseigner |
| tear | tore | torn | déchirer |
| tell | told | told | dire |
| think | thought | thought | penser |
| thrive | thrived/throve | thrived/thriven | prospérer |
| throw | threw | thrown | jeter |
| thrust | thrust | thrust | enfoncer |
| tread | trod | trodden/trod | marcher |
| unbend | unbent | unbent | déplier/détordre |
| unbind | unbound | unbound | détacher (opposé de « bind ») |
| undergo | underwent | undergone | subir |
| underlie | underlay | underlain | sous-tendre/être à la base de |
| undershoot | undershot | undershot | faire un tir trop court/« manquer » (spécialisé) |
| understand | understood | understood | comprendre |
| undertake | undertook | undertaken | entreprendre |
| unmake | unmade | unmade | défaire (opposé de « make ») |
| unwind | unwound | unwound | dérouler/détendre |
| upset | upset | upset | renverser/bouleverser |
| wake | woke | woken | (se) réveiller |
| waylay | waylaid | waylaid | attaquer par surprise/guetter (pour attaquer) |
| wear | wore | worn | porter (un vêtement) |
| weave | wove | woven | tisser |
| wed | wed/wedded | wed/wedded | épouser |
| weep | wept | wept | pleurer |
| wet | wet/wetted | wet/wetted | mouiller |
| win | won | won | gagner |
| wind | wound | wound | enrouler |
| withdraw | withdrew | withdrawn | retirer |
| withhold | withheld | withheld | retenir |
| withstand | withstood | withstood | résister à |
| wring | wrung | wrung | tordre |
| write | wrote | written | écrire |
